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Static Analysis (SA) in Cybersecurity is a practice aimed at detecting vulnerabilities within the source code of a program. Modern SA applications, though highly sophisticated, lack programming language agnostic generalization, instead requiring codebase specific implementations for each programming language. The manner in which SA is implemented today, though functional, requires significant man hours to develop and maintain, higher costs due to custom applications for each language, and creates inconsistencies in implementation from SA-tool to SA-tool. One promising source of programming language generalization occurs within the compilers used to compile code for programming languages like C, C++, and Java. During the compilation process, source code of varying languages moves through several validation passes before being converted into a grammatically consistent Intermediate Representation (IR). The grammatical consistencies provided by IRs allow the same program derived from different programming languages to be represented uniformly and thus analyzed for vulnerabilities. By using IRs of compiled programming languages as the codebase of SA practices, multiple programming languages can be encompassed by a single SA tool. To begin understanding the possibilities the combination of SA and IRs may reveal, this research presents the following outcomes: 1) a systematic literature search, 2) a literature review, and 3) the classification of existing work pertaining to SA practices using IRs. The results of the study indicate that generalized Static Analysis using IRs is already a common practice in all compilers, but that the extended use of IRs in Cybersecurity SA practices aimed at finding vulnerabilities in source code remains underdeveloped.more » « less
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